Scientific Research
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Ankle and arm pressure recordings for the diagnosis of exercise-induced arterial endofibrosis
BACKGROUND: Measurement of ankle and brachial blood pressure after maximal exercise is largely used to diagnose exercise‑induced arterial endofibrosis (EIAE). AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: We aimed to compare the different available methods and combination of...
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Long Distance Triathlete With Iliac Endofibrosis
A 48 year old long distance triathlete complained of exercise induced thigh pain on the left side for several years. Physical examination in the presence of strongly palpable foot pulses was uneventful at rest, but there was a drop in ankle brachial...
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A 45-year-old woman was presented with a 2-year history of left lower limb claudication symptoms occurring only during long-distance running. Multimodal imaging with exercise duplex ultrasonography and magnetic resonance angiogram confirmed the...
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Overview of arterial pathology related to repetitive trauma in athletes
Background/objective: Sport-related vascular trauma is an important consequence of increased physical activity. Repetitive, high-intensity movements predispose athletes to vascular disease, including arterial pathology, by exerting increased pressure...
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Objective: High-performance athletes can develop symptomatic arterial flow restriction during exercise caused by endofibrosis. The pathogenesis is poorly understood; however, coagulation enzymes, such as tissue factor (TF) and coagulation factor Xa,...
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Arterial endofibrosis is a vascular disease that typically affects the external iliac artery in young patients who undergo extreme exercise, mainly bicyclists.1 The diagnosis is indirectly suspected when these extreme athletes undergo ankle-brachial...
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Endurance cyclists have a substantial risk to develop flow limitations in the iliac arteries during their career. These flow limitations are due to extreme hemodynamic stress which may result in functional arterial kinking and/or intravascular lesions....
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Bilateral external iliac artery thrombosis due to endofibrosis in a 33-year-old female triathlete
External iliac artery endofibrosis is a rare disease predominantly affecting young, male elite performance athletes. The disease is characterized by fibrosis and hypertrophy of the intimal layer of the arterial wall and is likely due to multiple...
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BACKGROUND: This study is to assess the applicability and performance of the near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in the diagnosis of exercise-induced arterial endofibrosis (EIAE). METHODS: NIRS was measured on each thigh, in 12 highly trained...
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The main goal of the present document is to provide a set of practical recommendations for ultrasound imagers who are interested in artery diseases or for physicians who intend to undertake vascular procedures. This is the first part of the work. It is...
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Management of Endurance Athletes with Flow Limitation in the Iliac Arteries: A Case Series
Introduction: Vascular surgeons increasingly encounter flow limitation of iliac arteries (FLIA) in endurance athletes. An experience of managing this condition is reported. Report: This is a retrospective cohort analysis of prospectively collected data...
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Management of a complicated triathlete’s bilateral iliac artery endofibrosis
Introduction: Iliac artery endofibrosis (IAE) is an uncommon disease, poorly studied pathology with devastating effects and different therapeutic approaches affecting young people who practise intensive sports, especially cyclists. The evolution of the...
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The Investigation and Management of Iliac Artery Endofibrosis: Lessons Learned from a Case Series
Objective/background: The objective was to summarise the lessons learned, and evolution in local practice over the last 7 years, in the investigation and surgical management of iliac artery endofibrosis. Methods: This was a retrospective case series. A...
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A Rare Case of Intermittent Claudication Associated with Impaired Arterial Vasodilation
Exercise-related intermittent claudication is marked by reduced blood flow to extremities caused by either stenosis or impaired vascular function. Although intermittent claudication is common in the elderly, it rarely occurs in the young and...
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The investigation and management of peripheral arterial diseases in elderly patients, frequently with multiple co-morbidities, are familiar to all vascular surgeons. These patients are at high risk of limb loss and premature death and intervention is...
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External Iliac Artery Vasospasm in an Elite Female Runner
A 33-year-old elite female runner presented to a tertiary care sports medicine clinic with a 2-year history of progressive anterior thigh and circumferential leg pain with associated foot paresthesias brought on by high-intensity running. She had both...
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Operative Results of Iliac Artery Endofibrosis in High-Performance Athletes
Objective Prior reports have documented excellent early results after surgery for external iliac endofibrosis in cyclists. We sought to evaluate our long-term functional outcomes in this select cohort of patients. Methods Patients undergoing...
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Diagnosis and Management of Iliac Artery Endofibrosis: Results of a Delphi Consensus Study
Objective: Iliac endofibrosis is a rare condition that may result in a reduction of blood flow to the lower extremity in young, otherwise healthy individuals. The data to inform everyday clinical management are weak and therefore a Delphi consensus...
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Intravascular ultrasound imaging as a novel tool for the diagnosis of endofibrosis
Given the rise of high-intensity sport athletes and the paucity of literature on endofibrosis, we describe a novel adjunctive imaging technique to aid in diagnosis. A 41-year-old female triathlete presented with exercise-limiting claudication. Results...
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Iliac artery endofibrosis Case study of an elite triathlete
Progressive stenosis of the iliac artery, known as iliac artery endofibrosis, is poorly recognized by primary care physicians. It is mainly found in male endurance cyclists who are younger than 40 years of age.1,2 Because vascular disease is unexpected...